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Start Central Administration. In Central Administration, on the home page, in the Backup and Restore section, click Perform a site collection backup. On the Site collection backup page, select the site collection from the Site Collection list. Type the local path of the backup file in the Filename box.
If you want to back up a single site collection, use the Backup-SPSite cmdlet. To see the available objects to backup, use the -ShowTree parameter set. For permissions and the most current information about Windows PowerShell for SharePoint Products, see the online documentation at SharePoint Server Cmdlets.
How can I back up my SharePoint web application?
You can back up a web application by using the SharePoint Central Administration website, PowerShell, or SQL Server tools. The backup tool that you use depends on the kind of environment that you have deployed, your backup schedule requirements, and service level agreements that you have with your organization.
SharePoint 2010 allows you to attach a content DB to restore content quickly, so I suggest having SQL content DB backups available. This can be a common business request (“I accidentally deleted a column in my list.”) If you do a full SP farm backup, there is no need to perform option 2 and 3.
How to back up a web application using PowerShell?
Use PowerShell to back up a web application. You can use PowerShell to back up a web application manually or as part of a script that can be run at scheduled intervals. To back up a web application by using PowerShell. Verify that you have the following memberships: securityadmin fixed server role on the SQL Server instance.
How to back up database in SQL Server?
Open SQL Server Management Studio and connect to the correct instance of the SQL Server Database Engine. In Object Explorer, expand Databases. Right-click the database that you want to back up, point to Tasks, and then click Back Up. In the Back Up Database dialog, confirm the database name.