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Important: There are significant restrictions on when services and content can be shared between a SharePoint 2010 farm and a SharePoint 2013 farm. Content type syndication uses the backup and restore mechanism in SharePoint Server to publish the content types across site collections.
In SharePoint Server, some service applications can be shared across server farms. By publishing a service application, you can optimize resources, avoid redundancy, and provide enterprise-wide services without installing a dedicated enterprise services farm. You can publish the following service applications in a SharePoint Server farm:
Can you share a service application across farms?
For more information, see Connect to service applications on remote farms in SharePoint Server. You cannot share a User Profile service application across farms that reside in separate domains unless you first establish a domain-level trust between the two domains.
Why are server farms located in different domains?
If the server farms are located in different domains, the User Profile service application requires both domains to trust one another. For the Business Data Connectivity service and Secure Store service application administration features to work from the consuming farm, the domain of the publishing farm must trust the domain of the consuming farm.
Farm solution installation in Microsoft SharePoint Foundation is a system that enables developers to package custom farm solutions and administrators to deploy those farm solutions in a straightforward, safe, and consistent manner.
What is the new farm architecture for SharePoint?
With SharePoint 2016 came a new farm architecture design called MinRole. During the configuration, SharePoint will automatically assign a predefined role to a server and ensure that the server is compliant with the role definition.