How do you find the minimum contamination delay?
In order to calculate the contamination delay, we find the path whose sum of the contamination delays is the least. For this circuit, the shortest path is from input A through the selector of the multiplexor.
What is propagation delay in flip-flops Why does it occur?
The amount of time it takes for the output of the first Flip-Flop to travel to the input of the second Flip-Flop is the Propagation Delay. The further apart those two Flip-Flops are or the more combinational logic in the middle, the longer the propagation delay between the two of them.
What happens when there is a contamination delay?
If there is insufficient delay from the output of one flip-flop to the input of the next, the input may change before the hold time has passed. Because the second flip-flop is still unstable, its data would then be “contaminated.”. Every path from an input to an output can be characterized with a particular contamination delay.
What does contamination delay mean on a flip flop clock?
Here, the contamination delay is the amount of time needed for a change in the flip-flop clock input to result in the initial change at the flip-flop output (Q). If there is insufficient delay from the output of one flip-flop to the input of the next, the input may change before the hold time has passed.
What is the contamination delay in digital circuits?
In digital circuits, the contamination delay (denoted as tcd) is the minimum amount of time from when an input changes until any output starts to change its value. This change in value does not imply that the value has reached a stable condition.
Which is the minimum time for the propagation delay?
The propagation delay tpd is the maximum time from when an input changes until the output or outputs reach their final value. The contamination delay tcd is the minimum time from when an input changes until any output starts to change its value.