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Do you need to install packages before installing QGIS?
Before installing qgis, you may need to install those packages manually one by one. If they install, try again to install QGIS, with some or all broken dependencies solved. It might help to stick to the debian or ubuntugis repo, but avoid to install packages from both.
Are there any broken dependencies for QGIS 2.18.0?
If you install QGIS from http://qgis.org/debian or http://qgis.org/debian-ltr, you get QGIS 2.18.0 or 2.14.8 compiled against the same GDAL versions for trusty and xenial. You get broken dependencies if you try to combine packages from different sources, so DON’T DO IT.
Which is the best version of GDAL for QGIS?
You will get GDAL 2.1.0 with that. This seems to be the best choice currently. The one you used, but not compatible with QGIS from ubuntugis. They offer Postgis 2.1.4, 2.2.2 and 2.3.0. You can get QGIS LTR from there too, or use http://qgis.org/debian for 2.18.0, compiled against GDAL 1.10 for trusty and GDAL 1.11.3 for xenial.
Which is the best version of PostGIS for Ubuntu?
According to http://postgis.net/install/ you have three choices for Postgis on Ubuntu: This gives you postgis 2.2 compiled for Postgres 9.3. You can get QGIS 2.14.3 from the same repo, or use http://qgis.org/ubuntugis for QGIS 2.18.0 or 2.14.8. You will get GDAL 2.1.0 with that. This seems to be the best choice currently.
Why do I get unmet dependencies error in Ubuntu?
2 – Package database cleanup. Unmet dependencies error can also be caused by a corrupted package database or packages that were not installed properly. By cleaning the package database this issue can be fixed. This can be achieved with two commands : sudo apt-get clean.
Do you need to install development tools on Ubuntu?
It’s also useful for building packages on your system. Development tools contain few general useful tools like GCC, g++, make, libc6-dev and dpkg-dev packages. You need to install build-essential on Ubuntu and LinuxMint systems which include all other required packages as dependencies.