How is the structure of a quantum circuit determined?
Quantum circuits are collections of quantum gates interconnected by quantum wires. The actual structure of a quantum circuit, the number and the types of gates, as well as the interconnection scheme are dictated by the unitary transformation, U, carried out by the circuit.
How are quantum circuits similar to classical computers?
Quantum circuits are the most straightforward analogue of classical computers: wires connect gates which manipulate qubits. The transformation made by the gates is always reversible: this is a remarkable departure from classical computers. The circuit description uses simple diagrams to represent connections.
Why is ancilla qubit used in scattering circuit?
There is a generic quantum circuit that has been used in many algorithms and has various applications [1,23]. It is known as the “scattering circuit”, because it resembles a scattering process, as illustrated on Figure 3.14. It uses an ancilla qubit which plays the role of the probe particle.
What kind of wafer is a quantum circuit made on?
Quantum circuits are typically made on silicon wafers using optical or electron-beam lithography and thin film deposition. Dan C. Marinescu, Gabriela M. Marinescu, in Classical and Quantum Information, 2012
How are quantum gates used in a circuit?
In all descriptions of quantum circuits in addition to gates, we see quantum wires that move qubits and allow us to compose more complex circuits from simpler ones that, in turn, are composed of quantum gates.
What are the different models of quantum computing?
Quantum computing has several operational models, but only two are crucial for later chapters: quantum circuits and adiabatic quantum computing. Other models include topological quantum computing and one-way quantum computing. We begin with a discussion of quantum circuits.