How to convert voltage from one specifc range to another?

How to convert voltage from one specifc range to another?

You could use a dual RRO op-amp (eg. AD8676) and ICL7660 as follows (single 5V supply) This has 0~5V output for -10~10V in. If you have to handle the -10V and +10V cases with an ADC that has a nominal 5V reference, then you may wish to increase R1 slightly to cover saturation voltage of the op-amps, resistor tolerances and so on, perhaps 5-10%.

Is the differential voltage of an op amp zero?

In normal operation, an op amp has the feedback loop connected; therefore the differential input voltage is held at zero volts (neglecting the offset voltage). However under certain conditions, such as power-up, the op amp may be subjected to a differential input voltage which is not zero.

What is the input common mode voltage range?

INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE . At the input, the CM range useful for VIN also has two rail-imposed limits, one high or close to +VS, and one low, or close to –VS. Going high, it can range from an upper CM limit of +VS – VCM(HI) as a positive maximum. For example, again using the +VS = 5 V example case, if VCM(HI)

What is the common mode voltage range for Vin?

INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE. At the input, the CM range useful for VIN also has two rail-imposed limits, one high or close to +VS, and one low, or close to –VS. Going high, it can range from an upper CM limit of +VS – VCM(HI) as a positive maximum.

How is the output voltage of a transformer related to the input voltage?

This is known as the transformer equation, and it simply states that the ratio of the secondary to primary voltages in a transformer equals the ratio of the number of loops in their coils. The output voltage of a transformer can be less than, greater than, or equal to the input voltage, depending on the ratio of the number of loops in their coils.

What kind of voltage does a plug in transformer use?

The plug-in transformer has become increasingly familiar with the proliferation of electronic devices that operate on voltages other than common 120 V AC. Most are in the 3 to 12 V range. (credit: Shop Xtreme) Figure 2. Transformers change voltages at several points in a power distribution system.

What does the term Transformers mean in physics?

Transformers do what their name implies—they transform voltages from one value to another (The term voltage is used rather than emf, because transformers have internal resistance).

How does a passive circuit scale the voltage?

Passive basically means using a voltage divider to scale the voltage, the AC coupling it with a capacitor, and adding a voltage divider to apply a DC offset. That would scale the voltage to +/- 2.361V, then add a 2.5V offset to it. The capacitor acts as a high-pass filter, so size it accordingly for your signal.

What’s the difference between passive and active voltage converters?

There’s really two ways you can go about it – passive, or active. Passive basically means using a voltage divider to scale the voltage, the AC coupling it with a capacitor, and adding a voltage divider to apply a DC offset.

How to convert a signal to a range?

There’s two things you need to do to your signal to convert it to your required range. First you need to scale the signal, then you need to offset it. Or, you can offset it then scale it, the end results are the same. There’s really two ways you can go about it – passive, or active.

How is the amount of current in a circuit controlled?

The amount of electric current passing through a circuit depends on the voltage pushing the current and the resistance opposing the current. Controlling Current in Electric Circuits The amount of electric current that passes through a circuit depends on the voltage pushing the current and the resistance opposing the flow of current.

Why is it important to keep current low in a circuit?

Appliances are designed to keep current at a relatively low level for safety purposes. The appropriate voltage and resistance in a circuit keeps the current in control and keeps the circuit safe.

How many volts does a Zener between the ground and the signal?

If you use a 6 volt zener between the signal and ground, the signal will be clamped to 6 volts (less than or equal to 6 volts). If your power supply is 15 volts, then using a 15 – 5 = 10 volt zener between the signal and the power rail will clamp the signal at 5 volts (greater than or equal to 5 volts).