Useful tips for everyday
What is the standard deviation as a percent of the average value? For an approximately normal data set, the values within one standard deviation of…
How do you find chi-square from Phi? Computationally, phi is the square root of chi-square divided by n, the sample size: phi = SQRT(X2/n). How…
What does paired t-test tell you? The paired sample t-test, sometimes called the dependent sample t-test, is a statistical procedure used to determine whether the…
What does held constant mean? Definition: This commonly-used phrase stands for ‘all other things being unchanged or constant’. It is used in economics to rule…
What is Lloyd quantizer? A Lloyd quantizer is the scalar quantizer that yields the minimum distortion for a giv- en source and a given number…
How do you find the x-intercept of a linear regression? If you have a given regression model (i.e. y = Mx + B, where M…
How are kernels used in non parametric statistics? In nonparametric statistics, a kernel is a weighting function used in non-parametric estimation techniques. Kernels are used…
Does currency hedging reduce volatility? Hence for investors with high allocations to stocks, hedging currencies does not meaningfully reduce return volatility. In contrast, for investors…
What is a principal coordinate analysis? Principal Coordinate Analysis (often referred to as PCoA) is aimed at graphically representing a resemblance matrix between p elements…
What is the conceptual difference between using the correlation as opposed to cosine similarities? The Pearson correlation normalizes the values of the vectors to their…