Contents
What is a competing risk?
A competing risk is an event whose occurrence precludes the occurrence of the primary event of interest. In a study examining time to death attributable to cardiovascular causes, death attributable to noncardiovascular causes is a competing risk.
What are competing events?
When only one of these different types of event can occur, we refers to these events as “competing events”, in a sense that they compete with each other to deliver the event of interest, and the occurrence of one type of event will prevent the occurrence of the others.
What is fine and gray Subdistribution hazard model?
The subdistribution hazard function, introduced by Fine and Gray, for a given type of event is defined as the instantaneous rate of occurrence of the given type of event in subjects who have not yet experienced an event of that type.
What is Gray’s test?
Gray’s test is used to evaluate hypotheses of equality of cause-specific cumulative incidence functions between two groups, but as in the case of comparing survival curves, the test actually compares an underlying function of the cumulative incidence function, namely the subdistribution hazard.
What is a Subhazard ratio?
Ratio of Subhazard Ratio and Cause-Specific Hazard Ratio as a Diagnostic Tool. In the setting of any number of competing events and a binary exposure variable, let denote the cumulative incidence of event at time among the unexposed and the corresponding cumulative incidence for the exposed group where .
What is Aalen Johansen estimator?
Abstract. The Aalen-Johansen estimator is the standard nonparametric estimator of the cumulative incidence function in competing risks. Estimating its variance in small samples has attracted some interest recently, together with a critique of the usual martingale-based estimators.
What is the definition of a competing risk?
The analysis of the single components of such a composite time-to-event endpoint, called competing risks or, synonymously, competing events, produces more specific results ( 6–8 ). This is the analysis of time to first event and type of first event.
When does a competing risk occur in multistate framework?
The multistate framework models events as transitions between states and includes competing risks as a special case. The occurrence of a competing risk is modelled as a transition out of an initial state, e.g. no progression, into a competing risk state, e.g. progression. The transition takes place at the time of the first event.
How is the probability of a competing event regulated?
As a result, we call the probability of these events as “competing risks”, in a sense that the probability of each competing event is somehow regulated by the other competing events, which has an interpretation suitable to describe the survival process determined by multiple types of events.
What is the object of a competing event analysis?
Like in standard survival analysis, the analytical object for competing event data is to estimate the probability of one event among the many possible events over time, allowing the subjects to fail from competing events.