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What is process IDs and privileges?
Services and other system processes usually have to be started as root so that they can do privileged things. To improve security, some of these services and processes implement a -U command-line option that specifies the user and group IDs to run as.
How do I grant privileges in MySQL?
To GRANT ALL privileges to a user , allowing that user full control over a specific database , use the following syntax: mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database_name. * TO ‘username’@’localhost’;
What are effective permissions of a process?
When you launch a process, it runs with the same permissions as the user or group that ran it, this is known as an effective user ID. This UID is used to grant access rights to a process. So naturally if Bob ran the touch command, the process would run as him and any files he created would be under his ownership.
What happens when I drop privileges on a process?
In general, the effective user or group ID for a process may be changed as long as the new ID is the same as either the real or the saved ID. Taking all this into account, permanently dropping privileges involves ensuring that the effective, real, and saved IDs are all the same value.
How to drop all root privileges in C?
In order to drop all privileges (user and group), you need to drop the group before the user. Given that userid and groupid contains the IDs of the user and the group you want to drop to, and assuming that the effective IDs are also root, this is accomplished by calling setuid () and setgid ():
Why are create role and drop privileges not powerful?
The CREATE ROLE and DROP ROLE privileges are not as powerful as CREATE USER because they can be used only to create and drop accounts. They cannot be used as CREATE USER can be modify account attributes or rename accounts. See User and Role Interchangeability .
When to drop privileges in a setuid program?
Because the setgroups ( ) system call is guarded by requiring the effective user ID of the process to be that of the superuser, it must be done prior to dropping root privileges. Ancillary groups should be dropped regardless of whether privileges are being dropped permanently or temporarily.